The gaur (, Bos gaurus), also called the Indian bison, is the largest extant bovine. It is native to South and Southeast Asia and has been listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List since 1986. The global population has been estimated at maximum 21,000 mature individuals by 2016. It declined by more than 70% during the last three generations, and is extinct in Sri Lanka and probably also in Bangladesh. In well-protected areas, it is stable and rebuilding in a few areas.
It is the largest species among the wild cattle, reaching a shoulder height of up to 220 cm (87 in). In Malaysia, it is called seladang, and pyaung ပြောင် in Myanmar. The domesticated form of the gaur is called gayal (Bos frontalis) or mithun.
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